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Using Browser DevTools Accessibility Panel

Testing techniques

Modern browser developer tools include built-in accessibility inspection
features that allow developers to examine the accessibility tree, check
computed accessible names and roles, identify contrast failures, and audit
pages without installing any additional software. These tools are available
in Chrome, Firefox, Edge, and Safari.
[1]


Chrome and Edge DevTools

Open DevTools with F12 or Ctrl + Shift + I (Windows) /
Cmd + Option + I (macOS).

Accessibility panel

In the Elements tab, select any element in the DOM and open the
Accessibility sub-panel (may need to be enabled in the More tabs menu).
This shows:

  • The element's computed role
  • The element's accessible name and how it was computed
  • The element's accessible description
  • ARIA attributes applied to the element
  • The full accessibility tree rooted at that element

[2]

Full accessibility tree view

In DevTools → Elements, click the accessibility tree icon (a person icon)
in the top toolbar to switch the Elements panel to show the full
accessibility tree rather than the DOM tree. This shows exactly what
assistive technologies see.

Colour contrast in the Styles panel

Click any colour swatch in the Styles panel to open the colour picker.
It displays the contrast ratio of the selected element's text colour
against its background, with indicators showing whether it passes
WCAG AA and AAA levels.

Lighthouse accessibility audit

Open the Lighthouse tab and select Accessibility. Run an audit to get
an axe-core based score with categorised issues and guidance. This is
useful for a quick baseline but is not a substitute for comprehensive scanning.


Firefox DevTools

Open DevTools with F12 or Ctrl + Shift + I.

Accessibility panel

Firefox has a dedicated Accessibility tab in DevTools that shows the
full accessibility tree for the page. Click any node to see:

  • Role
  • Name
  • Description
  • States (focused, checked, expanded, etc.)
  • Relations (labelled by, described by, controls)

[1]

Check for issues

The Firefox Accessibility panel includes a "Check for issues" feature
that highlights elements with accessibility problems directly in the tree,
categorised by type — contrast, keyboard, text labels, and more.

Simulate colour vision deficiencies

Firefox DevTools includes a colour vision simulation tool under
Accessibility → Simulate. This simulates protanopia, deuteranopia,
tritanopia, achromatopsia, and contrast loss, allowing designers and
developers to see pages as users with different types of colour blindness would.


Safari DevTools

Open the Accessibility Inspector in Safari via Develop → Show
Accessibility Inspector
(Develop menu must be enabled in Safari settings).

The Safari Accessibility Inspector shows the accessibility tree and
element properties, and is particularly useful when testing VoiceOver
behaviour as it reflects the same tree VoiceOver uses.


Inspecting accessible names

One of the most valuable uses of DevTools is verifying how an element's
accessible name is computed. The name computation algorithm considers:

  1. aria-labelledby
  2. aria-label
  3. Native label element association
  4. title attribute
  5. Element text content
  6. alt attribute (for images)

DevTools shows which source produced the computed name, making it
straightforward to identify why an element has an unexpected or missing name.
[3]


Limitations

DevTools accessibility tools show the tree structure but cannot:

  • Simulate how a screen reader actually announces content
  • Test dynamic interactions and state changes under assistive technology
  • Verify the quality or meaningfulness of accessible names
  • Replace testing with actual screen readers

Use DevTools inspection alongside — not instead of — screen reader testing
and automated scanning.


References

  1. Google. Accessibility features reference — Chrome DevTools. https://developer.chrome.com/docs/devtools/accessibility/reference
  2. MDN Web Docs. Accessibility inspector — Firefox. https://firefox-source-docs.mozilla.org/devtools-user/accessibility_inspector/
  3. W3C Web Accessibility Initiative. Accessible Name and Description Computation. https://www.w3.org/TR/accname-1.1/

Last edited Apr 7, 2026, 7:40 PM · P**** J****